Ideas and Reasoning

Objective: Understand evidence and choose it accurately in context.

evidence (noun): Facts or information that help show whether a claim is true. Context sentences 1. The cracked seal provided evidence that someone had opened the container. 2. Before accepting the student's claim, the teacher asked for evidence from the passage. 3. Maya used dated photographs as evidence that the garden had changed.

Objective: Understand assumption and choose it accurately in context.

assumption (noun): An idea accepted as true without being checked or proved. Context sentences 1. Our picnic plan rested on the assumption that the park would be open. 2. The writer challenged the assumption that every reader already knew the legend. 3. Leo's assumption about the cost proved wrong when he saw the bill.

Objective: Understand inference and choose it accurately in context.

inference (noun): An idea reached by reasoning from clues or information rather than being told directly. Context sentences 1. From the muddy boots beside the door, Elena made an inference that her brother had been outside. 2. The narrator never names his fear, but his shaking hands support that inference. 3. Our inference about the missing supplies changed when we found a second storage room.

Objective: Understand implication and choose it accurately in context.

implication (noun): A possible result or effect of an action, decision, or situation. Context sentences 1. One implication of closing the bridge is that buses may need a longer route. 2. The committee considered the financial implication of adding another performance. 3. An important implication of the shorter deadline is that teams will have less time to revise.

Objective: Understand hypothesis and choose it accurately in context.

hypothesis (noun): A proposed explanation that can be tested through observation or investigation. Context sentences 1. Our hypothesis was that the seedlings near the window grew faster because they received more light. 2. The team designed a trial to test its hypothesis about the weak adhesive. 3. When the results contradicted her hypothesis, Aisha proposed a different explanation.

Objective: Understand theory and choose it accurately in context.

theory (noun): An organized explanation of how or why something happens, supported by evidence and reasoning. Context sentences 1. The researcher developed a theory connecting several patterns in how people share information. 2. A useful theory should explain the observations it addresses. 3. The class compared how each theory accounted for changes across many different communities.

Objective: Understand premise and choose it accurately in context.

premise (noun): A statement or idea used as a starting point to support an argument. Context sentences 1. The argument begins with the premise that every student needs access to the library. 2. If that premise is false, the reasoning built on it may fail. 3. We accepted the speaker's first premise but questioned the next step in her argument.

Objective: Understand conclusion and choose it accurately in context.

conclusion (noun): A judgment or decision reached after considering information or reasons. Context sentences 1. After comparing the repair estimates, we reached the conclusion that replacing the machine would cost less. 2. The author's conclusion follows from the examples discussed in the essay. 3. New information led the committee to revise its conclusion about the project's success.

Objective: Understand rationale and choose it accurately in context.

rationale (noun): The reasons that explain or justify a decision, action, or belief. Context sentences 1. The principal explained the rationale for moving the assembly to the afternoon. 2. Our report included the rationale behind choosing reusable containers. 3. Without a clear rationale, the committee struggled to defend its decision.

Objective: Understand perspective and choose it accurately in context.

perspective (noun): A way of viewing or understanding an issue, shaped by a person's position or experience. Context sentences 1. Working in the cafeteria gave Sam a new perspective on how much food students waste. 2. The essay examines the conflict from the younger sister's perspective. 3. Listening to residents helped the planners understand a different perspective on the proposed road.