Asking Questions with Data flashcards

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What does “Statistical Questions” mean?Statistical Questions and Variables: A question investigated through data that can vary across observational units.
What important condition applies to statistical questions?Statistical Questions and Variables: Many people can give the same answer.
What does “Variable Types” mean?Statistical Questions and Variables: A characteristic recorded for each observational unit, classified by its meaning.
What important condition applies to variable types?Statistical Questions and Variables: A numerical code for a category is not automatically a quantitative variable.
What does “Population” mean?Populations and Samples: The complete set of units targeted by a statistical question.
What important condition applies to population?Populations and Samples: Specify the target group before assessing sample relevance.
What does “Sample” mean?Populations and Samples: The selected units used to learn about a larger population.
What important condition applies to sample?Populations and Samples: Representativeness is a design issue, not guaranteed by a large n.
What does “Graph Scales” mean?Reading Graphs Critically: The mapping between plotted positions and labeled numerical values.
What important condition applies to graph scales?Reading Graphs Critically: Visible bar-length ratios can mislead when the baseline is not zero.
What does “Relative Frequency” mean?Reading Graphs Critically: The fraction of observations belonging to a category.
What important condition applies to relative frequency?Reading Graphs Critically: Use the relevant total and nonoverlapping categories.