Brain and Behavior flashcards

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What is meant by “Neuron” in this lesson?Neurons and communication: A neuron is a specialized cell that processes and transmits signals.
What is meant by “Dendrite” in this lesson?Neurons and communication: Dendrites commonly receive signals from other cells.
What is meant by “Axon” in this lesson?Neurons and communication: An axon carries signals toward output terminals.
What is meant by “Action potential” in this lesson?Neurons and communication: An action potential is a brief change in membrane voltage that propagates under suitable conditions.
What is meant by “Synapse” in this lesson?Neurons and communication: A synapse is a junction where one cell influences another.
What is meant by “Neurotransmitter” in this lesson?Neurons and communication: A neurotransmitter is a chemical messenger released at chemical synapses.
What is meant by “Cerebral cortex” in this lesson?Brain structures: The cortex is the outer cerebral tissue involved in distributed sensory, cognitive, and motor functions.
What is meant by “Brainstem” in this lesson?Brain structures: The brainstem supports vital functions and communication pathways, among other roles.
What is meant by “Cerebellum” in this lesson?Brain structures: The cerebellum contributes to coordination, timing, learning, and other functions.
What is meant by “Hippocampus” in this lesson?Brain structures: The hippocampus is important for aspects of memory and spatial processing within wider networks.
What is meant by “Amygdala” in this lesson?Brain structures: The amygdala contributes to salience and emotional learning rather than only fear.
What is meant by “Network perspective” in this lesson?Brain structures: A network perspective treats behavior as involving interacting regions and systems.
What is meant by “Gene” in this lesson?Nature and nurture: A gene is a DNA sequence contributing to biological functions through expression and regulation.
What is meant by “Environment” in this lesson?Nature and nurture: Environment includes relevant physical, social, and experiential conditions.
What is meant by “Gene-environment interaction” in this lesson?Nature and nurture: An interaction occurs when environmental effects depend on genetic characteristics or vice versa.
What is meant by “Heritability” in this lesson?Nature and nurture: Heritability estimates variation associated with genetic differences in a particular population and environment.
What is meant by “Plasticity” in this lesson?Nature and nurture: Plasticity is change in biological or psychological functioning with experience or conditions.
What is meant by “Nature-nurture integration” in this lesson?Nature and nurture: Integration recognizes interacting inherited and environmental influences rather than an exclusive choice.