Populations flashcards

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What is meant by “Birth and death rates” in this lesson?Population growth: Births add individuals and deaths remove individuals during a specified interval.
What is meant by “Immigration and emigration” in this lesson?Population growth: Immigration adds arriving individuals and emigration removes departing individuals.
What is meant by “Population change” in this lesson?Population growth: Net change equals births plus immigration minus deaths and emigration.
What is meant by “Exponential growth” in this lesson?Population growth: Exponential growth occurs when the per-capita growth rate remains approximately constant under the model's assumptions.
What is meant by “Logistic growth” in this lesson?Population growth: A logistic model reduces growth as population size approaches a modeled carrying capacity.
What is meant by “Age structure” in this lesson?Population growth: Age structure describes the distribution of individuals among age groups and influences population dynamics.
What is meant by “Carrying capacity” in this lesson?Carrying capacity: Carrying capacity is the population an environment can support under specified conditions over time.
What is meant by “Density dependence” in this lesson?Carrying capacity: Density-dependent effects strengthen or change as population density changes.
What is meant by “Density independence” in this lesson?Carrying capacity: Density-independent factors affect populations without requiring a crowding mechanism.
What is meant by “Overshoot” in this lesson?Carrying capacity: Overshoot occurs when population demand temporarily exceeds sustainable resource availability.
What is meant by “Resource renewal” in this lesson?Carrying capacity: Resource renewal determines how quickly depleted supplies can be replenished.
What is meant by “Model limitation” in this lesson?Carrying capacity: A simplified population model omits some mechanisms and must be compared with observations.
What is meant by “Demographic transition” in this lesson?Human population patterns: A demographic-transition model describes historical shifts in birth and death rates without guaranteeing identical paths everywhere.
What is meant by “Fertility rate” in this lesson?Human population patterns: A fertility rate describes births relative to a defined population or lifetime measure.
What is meant by “Urbanization” in this lesson?Human population patterns: Urbanization increases the share of people living in urban settlements.
What is meant by “Per-capita consumption” in this lesson?Human population patterns: Per-capita consumption is average resource use per person under a stated measure.
What is meant by “Environmental footprint” in this lesson?Human population patterns: A footprint estimates resource use or environmental effects under a specified accounting method.
What is meant by “Distributional difference” in this lesson?Human population patterns: Averages can hide differences in resource use, access, and exposure among groups.