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Ecosystems flashcards
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- What is meant by “Producer” in this lesson?Food webs
- A producer builds organic compounds from inorganic sources using light or chemical energy.
- What is meant by “Consumer” in this lesson?Food webs
- A consumer obtains organic matter and energy by feeding on organisms or their products.
- What is meant by “Decomposer” in this lesson?Food webs
- A decomposer chemically breaks down dead organic matter and returns nutrients to the environment.
- What is meant by “Food chain” in this lesson?Food webs
- A food chain traces one sequence of feeding relationships.
- What is meant by “Food web” in this lesson?Food webs
- A food web combines multiple feeding relationships within an ecosystem.
- What is meant by “Trophic level” in this lesson?Food webs
- A trophic level describes feeding position relative to primary producers.
- What is meant by “Primary productivity” in this lesson?Energy transfer
- Primary productivity is the rate at which producers build organic matter from inorganic sources.
- What is meant by “Gross primary production” in this lesson?Energy transfer
- Gross primary production is total energy captured by producers before subtracting their respiration.
- What is meant by “Net primary production” in this lesson?Energy transfer
- Net primary production equals gross primary production minus producer respiration.
- What is meant by “Trophic efficiency” in this lesson?Energy transfer
- Trophic efficiency is the fraction of production transferred between trophic levels and varies among systems.
- What is meant by “Energy pyramid” in this lesson?Energy transfer
- An energy pyramid shows decreasing available production at higher trophic levels over a specified period.
- What is meant by “Biomass versus energy” in this lesson?Energy transfer
- Biomass is stored living material, while energy-flow measurements describe transfers per time.
- What is meant by “Competition” in this lesson?Ecological relationships
- Competition occurs when organisms use a shared resource whose limited supply affects them.
- What is meant by “Predation” in this lesson?Ecological relationships
- Predation involves one organism consuming another organism as prey.
- What is meant by “Mutualism” in this lesson?Ecological relationships
- Mutualism is an interaction benefiting both participants under the described conditions.
- What is meant by “Parasitism” in this lesson?Ecological relationships
- Parasitism benefits a parasite while harming its host.
- What is meant by “Commensalism” in this lesson?Ecological relationships
- Commensalism benefits one participant without a substantial measured effect on the other.
- What is meant by “Ecological niche” in this lesson?Ecological relationships
- A niche describes an organism's resource use, environmental requirements, and interactions.