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Climate Change flashcards
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- What is meant by “Carbon dioxide” in this lesson?Greenhouse gases
- Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas increased by activities including fossil-fuel burning and some land-use changes.
- What is meant by “Methane” in this lesson?Greenhouse gases
- Methane is a greenhouse gas emitted by sources including leaks, agriculture, and biological processes.
- What is meant by “Nitrous oxide” in this lesson?Greenhouse gases
- Nitrous oxide is a greenhouse gas associated with sources including nitrogen management and industrial processes.
- What is meant by “Water-vapor feedback” in this lesson?Greenhouse gases
- Water vapor generally increases in warmer air and amplifies warming rather than acting like a long-lived direct human emission driver.
- What is meant by “Atmospheric persistence” in this lesson?Greenhouse gases
- Greenhouse gases differ in how they are removed and how long their effects persist.
- What is meant by “Radiative forcing” in this lesson?Greenhouse gases
- Radiative forcing describes a change in Earth's energy balance caused by a driver under defined conventions.
- What is meant by “Observed warming” in this lesson?Evidence and models
- Multiple records document long-term warming of the surface and climate system despite shorter fluctuations.
- What is meant by “Ocean heat evidence” in this lesson?Evidence and models
- Ocean heat measurements document accumulated energy in a major climate reservoir.
- What is meant by “Attribution evidence” in this lesson?Evidence and models
- Attribution compares expected and observed patterns to evaluate contributions of different drivers.
- What is meant by “Model evaluation” in this lesson?Evidence and models
- Models are evaluated against observations and physical constraints rather than accepted merely because they produce a graph.
- What is meant by “Emission scenario” in this lesson?Evidence and models
- An emissions scenario specifies an assumed future pathway rather than a guaranteed outcome.
- What is meant by “Projection uncertainty” in this lesson?Evidence and models
- Projection uncertainty arises from scenarios, model differences, and internal variability.
- What is meant by “Mitigation” in this lesson?Mitigation and adaptation
- Mitigation limits climate change by reducing greenhouse-gas emissions or enhancing appropriate removals.
- What is meant by “Adaptation” in this lesson?Mitigation and adaptation
- Adaptation adjusts systems to reduce harm from actual or expected climate effects.
- What is meant by “Resilience” in this lesson?Mitigation and adaptation
- Resilience is the capacity to withstand, recover from, or adapt to disturbances under a defined framework.
- What is meant by “Carbon sink” in this lesson?Mitigation and adaptation
- A carbon sink takes up more carbon than it releases over the stated period.
- What is meant by “Maladaptation” in this lesson?Mitigation and adaptation
- Maladaptation increases vulnerability or shifts risk despite an intended adaptation benefit.
- What is meant by “Climate equity” in this lesson?Mitigation and adaptation
- Climate equity examines differences in responsibility, vulnerability, resources, and distribution of benefits and burdens.